7-Hydroxymitragynine (7-OH): Complete Scientific Guide

Comprehensive research resource on 7-hydroxymitragynine chemical structure, extraction methods, purity standards, and laboratory testing protocols for botanical research applications.

What is 7-OH? Chemistry Extraction Methods Lab Testing Purity Standards Product Formats Legal Status Buy 7-OH

What is 7-Hydroxymitragynine?

Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) plant leaves - natural source of 7-hydroxymitragynine alkaloid
Mitragyna speciosa leaves - the natural source of 7-hydroxymitragynine

Definition: 7-Hydroxymitragynine (7-OH) is an indole-based alkaloid found naturally in the leaves of Mitragyna speciosa (kratom). It is one of over 40 alkaloids present in kratom, but is found in significantly lower concentrations than mitragynine.

Natural Occurrence

7-Hydroxymitragynine is found naturally in fresh and dried Mitragyna speciosa leaves, typically comprising approximately 0.01-0.04% of the total leaf alkaloid content. By comparison, mitragynine—the primary alkaloid—makes up roughly 66% of total alkaloids in most kratom strains.

The extremely low natural concentration of 7-OH in kratom leaves necessitates either extensive plant material processing or semi-synthetic conversion from mitragynine to obtain research-grade quantities. This scarcity, combined with growing research interest, has driven the development of specialized extraction and synthesis protocols.

Historical Discovery

7-Hydroxymitragynine was first isolated and characterized in 1994 by Japanese researchers studying the alkaloid composition of Mitragyna speciosa. Initial analytical work used advanced chromatography techniques to separate and identify this trace compound among kratom's complex alkaloid profile.

Subsequent phytochemical research has focused on understanding its biosynthesis in the plant, optimizing extraction methods, and developing analytical protocols for identification and quantification in botanical specimens.

Research Applications

7-Hydroxymitragynine is sold exclusively as a botanical research specimen for scientific study. Research applications include:

  • Alkaloid identification and quantification studies
  • Phytochemical analysis of Mitragyna speciosa
  • Chromatography method development
  • Botanical specimen authentication protocols
  • Comparative alkaloid profiling across kratom varieties

Important Research Disclaimer

7-Hydroxymitragynine products are sold strictly as botanical research specimens for scientific study only. These products are not intended for human or animal consumption. This compound is not approved by the FDA for any medical use, and no medical claims are made about 7-OH products. Researchers must comply with all applicable local, state, and federal regulations.

Chemical Structure & Properties

Molecular Formula

7-Hydroxymitragynine molecular structure showing chemical formula C23H30N2O5 with hydroxyl group at C-7 position
Chemical structure of 7-hydroxymitragynine showing the hydroxyl group at C-7 position
Molecular Formula
C23H30N2O5
Molecular Weight
414.50 g/mol
CAS Number
174418-82-7

Structural Characteristics

7-Hydroxymitragynine is structurally classified as an indole alkaloid with a complex polycyclic framework. The compound features:

  • Indole core: A fused benzene-pyrrole ring system fundamental to its classification
  • Hydroxyl group at C-7: The defining structural feature that distinguishes it from mitragynine
  • Methoxy groups: Two methoxy substituents contributing to its lipophilicity
  • Ester linkage: Methyl ester functionality important for chemical stability

Relationship to Mitragynine

7-Hydroxymitragynine and mitragynine are structurally similar alkaloids that differ primarily by a single hydroxyl group. Key differences:

Property Mitragynine 7-Hydroxymitragynine
Molecular Formula C23H30N2O4 C23H30N2O5
Molecular Weight 398.50 g/mol 414.50 g/mol
Natural Abundance ~66% of leaf alkaloids ~0.01-0.04% of leaf alkaloids
C-7 Substituent Hydrogen (H) Hydroxyl (OH)

Physical Properties

Pure 7-hydroxymitragynine exhibits the following physical characteristics:

  • Appearance: White to off-white crystalline powder
  • Solubility: Soluble in organic solvents (ethanol, methanol, DMSO); poorly soluble in water
  • Melting Point: 218-220°C (literature value)
  • Storage: Should be stored in airtight containers, protected from light and moisture
  • Stability: Stable under proper storage conditions; sensitive to oxidation

Extraction & Synthesis Methods

Due to the extremely low natural concentration of 7-hydroxymitragynine in Mitragyna speciosa leaves (0.01-0.04%), obtaining research-grade 7-OH requires either large-scale botanical extraction or semi-synthetic conversion. Both approaches require sophisticated laboratory equipment and expertise.

1. Direct Botanical Extraction

This method involves isolating 7-OH directly from kratom leaf material using sequential extraction and purification steps.

Process Overview:

  1. Solvent Extraction: Dried kratom leaves are macerated in acidified polar solvents (typically methanol or ethanol) to extract total alkaloids
  2. Liquid-Liquid Partitioning: Acid-base extractions separate alkaloids from other plant constituents
  3. Column Chromatography: Silica gel or reversed-phase columns separate individual alkaloids based on polarity
  4. HPLC Purification: High-performance liquid chromatography achieves final purification to >95% purity
  5. Recrystallization: Optional final step to achieve maximum purity (98%+)

Challenge: This method requires processing massive quantities of plant material. Extracting 1 gram of pure 7-OH may require 5-10 kilograms of dried kratom leaves, making it economically impractical for large-scale production.

2. Semi-Synthetic Conversion from Mitragynine

A more efficient approach involves oxidizing mitragynine (abundant in kratom) to produce 7-hydroxymitragynine through selective hydroxylation at the C-7 position.

Common Oxidation Methods:

  • Metal-Catalyzed Oxidation: Using transition metal catalysts (e.g., palladium, platinum) under controlled conditions
  • Enzymatic Oxidation: Cytochrome P450 enzyme systems can selectively hydroxylate the C-7 position
  • Chemical Oxidants: Selective oxidizing agents (e.g., mCPBA, DMDO) under carefully controlled pH and temperature

This approach offers higher yields and requires less plant material, but demands precise control of reaction conditions to avoid over-oxidation or formation of unwanted byproducts.

Quality Control in Extraction

Regardless of extraction method, multiple analytical checkpoints ensure product quality:

  • HPLC-UV/DAD: Quantifies 7-OH content and identifies impurities
  • LC-MS: Confirms molecular weight and structural identity
  • NMR Spectroscopy: Verifies complete structural characterization
  • ICP-MS: Screens for heavy metal contaminants
  • Microbial Testing: Ensures absence of bacterial and fungal contamination

Laboratory Testing & Analysis

Research-grade 7-hydroxymitragynine requires comprehensive analytical testing to verify identity, purity, and safety. At 7oh.gg, every batch undergoes rigorous third-party laboratory analysis before release.

Essential Analytical Methods

HPLC-UV/DAD (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography)

Purpose: Quantitative analysis of 7-OH content and alkaloid profiling

What it measures: Confirms 7-OH concentration (%), identifies related alkaloids (mitragynine, speciogynine, paynantheine), detects process impurities

LC-MS (Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry)

Purpose: Structural confirmation and trace impurity detection

What it measures: Molecular weight confirmation (414.50 g/mol), fragmentation pattern analysis, detection of structurally similar impurities at <0.1%

ICP-MS (Heavy Metals Screening)

Purpose: Safety testing for toxic metal contamination

What it measures: Lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and other heavy metals. All results must meet USP <232> limits.

Microbial Testing (USP <2021>)

Purpose: Ensures absence of harmful bacteria, yeast, and mold

What it measures: Total aerobic microbial count (TAMC), total yeast and mold count (TYMC), pathogen screening (E. coli, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus)

Purity Standards & Grading

7-Hydroxymitragynine is available in different purity grades for various research applications:

Grade Purity Range Typical Applications
Research Grade ≥95% General botanical research, alkaloid profiling studies
High Purity ≥98% Analytical reference standards, precision studies
Ultra-Pure ≥99% Spectroscopic analysis, method development, structural characterization
Example Certificate of Analysis (COA) for 7-hydroxymitragynine showing purity testing, heavy metal screening, and microbial analysis
Example Certificate of Analysis showing comprehensive third-party testing

Certificate of Analysis (COA) Guarantee

Every batch of 7-hydroxymitragynine from 7oh.gg includes a third-party Certificate of Analysis documenting exact purity, heavy metal screening, microbial testing, and batch-specific identification data. COAs are available for download with every order or upon request.

7-OH Product Formats for Research

Comparison of 7-hydroxymitragynine product formats: tablets, powder, extract, and capsules for research applications
7-OH available in tablets, powder, extract, and capsules - choose the format that fits your research protocol

7-Hydroxymitragynine research specimens are available in multiple formats to accommodate different experimental protocols and research requirements. Each format undergoes identical purity testing but offers distinct handling and measurement advantages.

7-OH Tablets

Format: Pressed tablets with precise 7-OH content per unit

Advantages:

  • Pre-measured for consistent research protocols
  • Easy to count and inventory
  • Reduced handling of pure powder
  • Longer shelf life due to compressed format

Best for: Studies requiring consistent unit dosing, protocols with repetitive measurements

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7-OH Powder (Pure Form)

Format: Crystalline or amorphous powder, ≥95% purity

Advantages:

  • Maximum flexibility for custom measurements
  • Suitable for solution preparation and dilution series
  • No excipients or fillers (pure active)
  • Best value per milligram of 7-OH

Best for: Analytical method development, spectroscopic analysis, custom formulation research

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7-OH Liquid Extract

Format: Concentrated 7-OH in solution (typically ethanol-based)

Advantages:

  • Pre-dissolved and ready for immediate use
  • Easy volumetric measurement with pipettes/syringes
  • Rapid integration into liquid-based protocols
  • Reduced weighing errors

Best for: Chromatography standard preparation, liquid dilution studies, rapid workflow integration

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7-OH Capsules

Format: 7-OH powder in vegetarian cellulose capsules

Advantages:

  • Sealed containment reduces powder exposure
  • Easy to store and transport
  • Pre-measured per capsule
  • Minimizes contamination risk

Best for: Studies requiring enclosed specimens, transport to off-site facilities, reduced handling protocols

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Storage & Handling Guidelines

Proper storage is essential to maintain 7-OH purity and stability:

  • Temperature: Store at room temperature (20-25°C). Avoid refrigeration to prevent moisture condensation.
  • Light Protection: Keep in opaque containers or amber glass bottles. UV exposure can degrade alkaloids.
  • Moisture Control: Use airtight containers with desiccant packs. Hygroscopic compounds degrade rapidly when moist.
  • Oxidation Prevention: Minimize air exposure. Consider nitrogen or argon purging for long-term storage (>1 year).
  • Contamination Avoidance: Use clean spatulas and weighing equipment. Never return material to original container after removal.

Shelf Life Under Proper Storage

When stored according to guidelines above, 7-hydroxymitragynine maintains ≥95% original purity for 24 months (powder/tablets) or 18 months (liquid extract). Always check COA for batch-specific stability data.

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is 7-hydroxymitragynine?

7-Hydroxymitragynine (7-OH) is an indole-based alkaloid found naturally in the leaves of Mitragyna speciosa (kratom). It is one of over 40 alkaloids present in kratom, but is found in significantly lower concentrations than mitragynine. 7-OH is sold as a botanical specimen for research purposes only.

How is 7-hydroxymitragynine extracted?

7-Hydroxymitragynine can be extracted from kratom leaves using solvent-based extraction methods, or synthesized through oxidation of mitragynine. Advanced chromatography techniques are used to isolate and purify the compound to research-grade standards. All extraction methods require laboratory-grade equipment and expertise.

Where can I buy 7-hydroxymitragynine for research?

Research-grade 7-hydroxymitragynine can be purchased from 7oh.gg. We offer lab-tested 7-OH in multiple formats including tablets, powder, liquid extract, and capsules. All products come with third-party Certificates of Analysis (COA) and are sold as botanical specimens for research purposes only.

Is 7-hydroxymitragynine legal?

The legal status of 7-hydroxymitragynine varies by jurisdiction. In the United States, 7-OH is not federally scheduled, but some states and municipalities have enacted their own restrictions. Researchers are responsible for verifying compliance with local laws before purchasing. 7-OH is sold strictly as a botanical research specimen.

What purity levels should I look for in 7-OH products?

Research-grade 7-hydroxymitragynine should have a minimum purity of 95%, ideally 98%+ for scientific applications. All batches should be third-party tested with accessible Certificates of Analysis showing exact alkaloid content, heavy metal screening, microbial testing, and confirmation of no adulterants or contaminants.

Do you provide Certificates of Analysis (COA)?

Yes. Every batch of 7-hydroxymitragynine from 7oh.gg includes a third-party Certificate of Analysis documenting exact purity, alkaloid profile, heavy metal screening, and microbial testing. COAs are available for download with every order or can be requested at any time.

What is the difference between 7-OH tablets, powder, extract, and capsules?

All formats contain the same research-grade 7-hydroxymitragynine but differ in form factor. Tablets are pre-measured and pressed, powder is pure crystalline form with maximum flexibility, extract is pre-dissolved in solution for immediate use, and capsules are encapsulated powder for easy handling. Choose based on your research protocol requirements.

How should I store 7-hydroxymitragynine?

Store 7-OH at room temperature (20-25°C) in airtight containers, protected from light and moisture. Use desiccant packs to control humidity. Avoid refrigeration as it can cause moisture condensation. Under proper storage, 7-OH maintains ≥95% purity for 24 months (powder/tablets) or 18 months (liquid extract).

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